TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: Experiment with spiral spring
APPARATUS:
Spiral spring to which a light point is attained by the Plasticine at a lower end, stand and clamp, meter rule, scale pan, or mass hanger, slotted weight and stop watch.
DIAGRAM
AIM: To verify hook's law for a spiral spring and to determine the force constant of a spring I.e the force required to produce unit extension
THEORY OF THE EXPERIMENT: When a load F suspended from lower free end of a spring hanging from rigid support, it increases it’s length by amount X which gives
Mathematically F=KX
F= FORCE LOAD
X= DISPLACEMENT
K= FORCE CONSTANT
PROCEDURE:
1 . The spring with the scale pan attached is firmly clamped and the meter scale placed vertically so that the pointer moves lightly over it.
2 . Loads are added to the scale pan by successive increase end of zog.
3 . The spring noted.
4 . The scale reading are also taken when unloading the spring and mean extension thus obtained.
5 . Tabulate as follows maximum load the weight which will approximately double the length of the spring and load are unload in the equal steps.
MEASUREMENTS:
Or you can choose the one below depending on the values you wish to use.
Plot of the values of load as ordinates and the mean extension as abscissa. The possible graphics like this shown below
From the linear portion of the graph that load per unit extension (hence the force constant) can be obtained from the gradient with the extension express meters and load in kg (for SI units) the extension per unit load is given as
CONCLUSION:
As seen in the graph as the load increase the extension also increase, which is why we have a straight line graph I.e F×X which obeys hook's law which state that provided the elastic limit of an elastic material is not exceeded the extension of a body is directly proportional to the force applied
PRECAUTION
1 . Avoid parallax error when taking measurement.
2 . Use a ruler glued.
3 . Use either a series precision weight or use a series of weight that probably would be multiples of a particular number.
4 . For accurate results you need accurate weight and ruler ( or scale).
5 . Avoid contact with the weight when taking measurement.
6 . Ensure that the spring does not oscillate when the reading of the pointer is measured.
GRAPH
=1.70-0.80/0.22-0.10=7.5N/m
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